Mac text editing uses ⌥ for words and ⌘ for lines and documents. Shift selects with every one of them, as on Windows.

On WindowsOn a MacMoves
Ctrl+← / →⌥← / ⌥→One word
Ctrl+Backspace⌥⌫Deletes the word before the cursor
Ctrl+Delete⌥fn⌫Deletes the word after
Home / End⌘← / ⌘→Start and end of the line
Ctrl+Home / End⌘↑ / ⌘↓Start and end of the document
Shift+Home⇧⌘←Selects to the line start
Ctrl+Shift+→⌥⇧→Selects the next word

In a terminal, ⌥← and ⌥→ often print stray characters instead of moving by word; Terminal and iTerm have a setting to send the right codes ("Use Option as Meta key").